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Mexico

From HopperWiki
Mexico
Mexico is within:
Region:Americas
 
Subregion:Latin America and the Caribbean
 
Intermediate region:Central America
 

Mexico is situated between North and Central America. It shares its northern border with the United States, its southeastern borders with Guatemala and Belize, the eastern boundary is defined by the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, and the western border meets the Pacific Ocean. In 2021, the total cultivated land is estimated at 22,899,000 ha.[1]

Ecology

Species gallery

Outbreaks

Management and research

The Central American locust in Mexico

Mexico declared the Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons) a national pest in 1924.[2] The species could potentially impact 5.9 million hectares across 10 states, representing 26.66% of the nation's planted area, with an annual production of 57.9 million tons valued at $71.8 billion pesos.[3] The Yucatan Peninsula, is a key breeding area for Central American locust due to its ideal ecological conditions, such as predominantly grassy vegetation, for high-density locust development.[4] The Yucatan Peninsula receives 50% of the national budget allocated for locust control due to its significance as a breeding zone. [5] Located in southeastern Mexico, the Yucatan Peninsula comprises the states of Yucatan, Campeche, and Quintana Roo. Regions impacted by this species include: Campeche, Chiapas, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco*, Tamaulipas, Veracruz and Yucatán.[6] Municipalities of Balancán, Emiliano Zapata, and Tenosique, on the banks of the Usumacinta River on the border with Guatemala where it was inactive for a long time until environmental conditions were conducive to its development.

The Central American Locust is managed in Mexico through government regulations and guidance from the International Regional Organization for Plant and Animal Health (OIRSA). OIRSA was formed in 1953 to coordinate locust control efforts among Central American countries situated along the insect’s migration route.[7] [8] In the past ten years in the Yucatan, hectares treated with pesticides has been as high as 13,261.[7]

In Mexico, the Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (SADER) allocates resources for the agricultural sector, which are subsequently assigned to the Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA) for the execution of plant health initiatives and the annual budget dedicated to the locust campaign.[9] Certain state governments also make contributions to the campaign. SENASICA, along with federal government representatives and state government officials, jointly oversee the formulation of locust program objectives and manage the allocation of funds.

When a need arises for locust-related research, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) initiates grant opportunities to finance proposals presented by institutions such as the state university, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), or SENASICA.[9]

The International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health (OIRSA) acts as a coordinator among countries for activities related to outbreak control, training, dissemination of information, and providing support, with a designated budget allocated for emergency management.[9]

Key actors in locust research and management in Mexico

Organizations

Locusts and grasshoppers are typically managed through a national plant protection system led by a country’s plant protection organization, ministry of agriculture, or equivalent biosecurity authority. They are often supported by specialized pest control branches, natural resource agencies, and regional bodies when outbreaks cross borders. These agencies are usually the first point of contact for surveillance, reporting, permits, quarantine decisions, and control operations. If the country belongs to one of the FAO locust commissions, those bodies provide a regional framework for early warning, field surveillance, information sharing, and coordinated response, helping countries align monitoring, contingency planning, and control actions across borders.

Organization name Acronym Website Type Focus Geographic purview
Behavioral Plasticity Research Institute BPRI View Other Research, Education United States, Mexico
Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture IICA View Non-governmental Organization Development Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela
International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health OIRSA View Intergovernmental Organization Management, Governance, Education Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Dominican Republic
National Council for Science and Technology CONACYT View Government Funding, Research Mexico
National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research INIFAP View Government Research Mexico
North American Plant Protection Organization NAPPO View Non-governmental Organization Governance Canada, Mexico, United States
Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria SAGARPA-SENASICA View Government Governance, Management Mexico
State Committee for Plant Health CESAVE View Government Information Hub, Management Mexico
State Committee for Plant Health in the State of Yucatan CESVY View Government Management, Education, Governance Mexico


Resources

Name Species purview Year published Resource link Descriptive keyword Language Geographic purview Author
Action plan for managing the Central American locust 2019 View Management, Biology, Species identification, Biopesticide, Robotics, Drones, Technology, Pesticide management, Survey Spanish Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Dominican Republic International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health
Operating manual for Central American locust control campaigns 2019 View Management, Biology, Species identification Spanish Mexico Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria
Situation and recommendations for controlling the Central American locust in the countries of the OIRSA region 2020 View Management, Geographical differences, Situation bulletin Spanish Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health
Technical paper on the Central American locust 2016 View Species identification, Education Spanish Mexico Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria

Highlighted media coverage

Name Author Language Species purview Substance Resource link Year published
Are grasshoppers as delicious as ham? Mexico’s insect hunters would like you to find out English Video 2022
Cerca del final del 2020 langostas atacan colonias de Mérida Spanish News article 2020
Locust Swarm Takes Over Sky in Yucatan, Mexico English News article 2019
The Times podcast: Your future meal might be grasshoppers English News article 2022
Watch: Swarm Of Locusts Invades Mexico's Skies In Rare Event English News article 2019
Why grasshoppers are a popular snack in Mexico English News article 2022

Projects

No results found in the database at this time—please reach out if you have any to share!


References

  1. ↑ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2021) AQUASTAT database. Retrieved September 9, 2024, from https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/?lang=en
  2. ↑ Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (OIRSA) (2019) Plan de acción de manejo de la langosta centroamericana. Primera edición, marzo 2019. 80p. www.oirsa.org https://hopperwiki.org/images/1/14/Action_plan_for_managing_the_Central_American_locust.pdf
  3. ↑ SIAP (2016) Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera. Ciclo agrícola 2014.
  4. ↑ Poot-Pech MA, Ruiz-Sánchez E, Gamboa-Angulo M, Ballina-Gómez H, Reyes-Ramírez A (2018) Population fluctuation of Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Yucatán Península and its relation with the environmental conditions. Biología Tropical 66: 403–414. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v66i1.29502
  5. ↑ SENASICA (2019) Avanzan acciones de control contra la plaga de langosta en 10 entidades del país. https://www.gob.mx/senasica/prensa/avanzan-acciones-de-control-contra-la-plaga-de-langosta-en-10-entidades-del-pais
  6. ↑ SENASICA-DGSV (2016) Langosta Centroamericana [Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons (Walker, 1870)] (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria-Dirección General de Sanidad Vegetal-Centro Nacional de Referencia Fitosanitaria-Grupo Especialista Fitosanitario. Ficha Técnica. Tecámac, México 18 p. https://hopperwiki.org/images/c/cc/Technical_paper_on_the_Central_American_locust.pdf
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Poot-Pech MA (2023) Probability of a Central American locust Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons upsurge in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32: 33–42. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.73824
  8. ↑ Barrientos LL, Astacio CO, Álvarez BF, Poot MO (1992) Manual Técnico Sobre la Langosta Voladora (Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons Walker, 1870) y Otros Acridoideos de Centroamérica y Sureste de México. FAO-OIRSA, El Salvador, 162 pp.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Ries MW, Adriaansen C, Aldobai S, Berry K, Bal AB, Catenaccio MC, Cigliano MM, Cullen DA, Deveson T, Diongue A, Foquet B, Hadrich J, Hunter D, Johnson DL, Pablo Karnatz J, Lange CE, Lawton D, Lazar M, Latchininsky AV, Lecoq M, Le Gall M, Lockwood J, Manneh B, Overson R, Peterson BF, Piou C, Poot-Pech MA, Robinson BE, Rogers SM, Song H, Springate S, Therville C, Trumper E, Waters C, Woller DA, Youngblood JP, Zhang L, Cease A (2024) Global perspectives and transdisciplinary opportunities for locust and grasshopper pest management and research. Journal of Orthoptera Research 33(2): 169–216. doi:10.3897/jor.33.112803.

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