Mexico

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Mexico
Mexico is within:
Region:Americas
Subregion:Latin America and the Caribbean
Intermediate region:Central America

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Mexico is situated between North and Central America. It shares its northern border with the United States, its southeastern borders with Guatemala and Belize, the eastern boundary is defined by the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, and the western border meets the Pacific Ocean. In 2021, the total cultivated land is estimated at 22,899,000 ha.[1] The total number of people engaged in agriculture is 7.8 million, accounting for 15 percent of the entire economically active population, with 13 percent of these being women. [2]

Mexico declared the Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons) (CAL) a national pest in 1924.[3] The species could potentially impact 5.9 million hectares across 10 states, representing 26.66% of the nation's planted area, with an annual production of 57.9 million tons valued at $71.8 billion pesos.[4]

Ecology and distribution

A key breeding area for CAL is in the Yucatan Peninsula, which offers ideal ecological conditions, such as predominantly grassy vegetation, for high-density locust development.[5] The Yucatan Peninsula receives 50% of the national budget allocated for locust control due to its significance as a breeding zone. [6] Located in southeastern Mexico, the Yucatan Peninsula comprises the states of Yucatan, Campeche, and Quintana Roo.

Regions impacted by CAL include: Campeche, Chiapas, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco*, Tamaulipas, Veracruz and Yucatán.[7] Municipalities of Balancán, Emiliano Zapata, and Tenosique, on the banks of the Usumacinta River on the border with Guatemala where it was inactive for a long time until environmental conditions were conducive to its development.

Outbreaks

Management and research

CAL in Mexico are managed through government regulations and guidance from the International Regional Organization for Plant and Animal Health (OIRSA). OIRSA was formed in 1953 to coordinate locust control efforts among Central American countries situated along the insect’s migration route.[8] [9] In the past ten years in the Yucatan, hectares treated with pesticides has been as high as 13,261.[8]

In Mexico, the Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (SADER) allocates resources for the agricultural sector, which are subsequently assigned to the Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA) for the execution of plant health initiatives and the annual budget dedicated to the locust campaign.[10] Certain state governments also make contributions to the campaign. SENASICA, along with federal government representatives and state government officials, jointly oversee the formulation of locust program objectives and manage the allocation of funds.

When a need arises for locust-related research, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) initiates grant opportunities to finance proposals presented by institutions such as the state university, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), or SENASICA.[10]

The International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health (OIRSA) acts as a coordinator among countries for activities related to outbreak control, training, dissemination of information, and providing support, with a designated budget allocated for emergency management.[10]

Species of locust and grasshoppers in Mexico represented in HopperWiki

Organizations (12)

Name Acronym Type Focus Focus keywords Species purview
Behavioral Plasticity Research Institute BPRI Other Research, Education Phenotypic plasticity, Phase polyphenism
Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons), American grasshopper (Schistocerca americana), South American locust (Schistocerca cancellata), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens), Schistocerca serialis
International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center CIMMYT Non-profit Organization Development Agriculture
International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health OIRSA Intergovernmental Organization Management, Governance, Education Training, Regional cooperation, Monitoring, Control
Giant red-winged grasshopper (Tropidacris cristata), Taeniopoda obscura, Chromacris colorata, Achurum sumichrasti, Abracris flavolineata, Bird grasshopper (Schistocerca pallens), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens), Mischievous bird grasshopper (Schistocerca damnifica), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
National Autonomous University of Mexico UNAM University Research Natural sciences
National Council for Science and Technology CONACYT Government Funding, Research Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research INIFAP Government Research Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Secretariat of Agriculture and Rural Development SADER Government Funding
Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria SAGARPA-SENASICA Government Governance, Management Regional cooperation, Monitoring, Control, Natural sciences
South American locust (Schistocerca cancellata), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
State Committee for Plant Health CESAVE Government Information Hub, Management Control, Monitoring, Forecasting, Training, Natural sciences Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
State Committee for Plant Health in the State of Yucatan CESVY Government Management, Education, Governance Control, Training, Coordination, Natural sciences Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Tecnológico Nacional de México ITCV University ;Government Development, Education, Research
Agricultural development, Community development, Control, Coordination, Sustainable development, Technology
The Song Laboratory of Insect Systematics and Evolution University Research Natural sciences Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)


Resources (10)

Title Resource link Category Descriptive keyword Author Language Species purview
Action plan for managing the Central American locust View URL Guide Management, Biology, Species identification, Biopesticide, Robotics, Drones, Technology International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health Spanish
Giant red-winged grasshopper (Tropidacris cristata), Taeniopoda obscura, Chromacris colorata, Achurum sumichrasti, Abracris flavolineata, Bird grasshopper (Schistocerca pallens), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens), Mischievous bird grasshopper (Schistocerca damnifica), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Are grasshoppers as delicious as ham? Mexico’s insect hunters would like you to find out View URL Media Video, Edible insects, Media article Los Angeles Times English
Cerca del final del 2020 langostas atacan colonias de Mérida View URL Media
Media article, Locust outbreaks, Outbreaks, Locusts, Infestations, Climate change, Monitoring, Biology, Behavior
 La Verdad Noticias Spanish Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Locust Swarm Takes Over Sky in Yucatan, Mexico View URL Media Media article Yahoo News English Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Operating manual for Central American locust control campaigns View URL Guide Management, Biology, Species identification Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria Spanish Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Situation and recommendations for controlling the Central American locust in the countries of the OIRSA region
 View URL Guide Management, Geographical differences International Regional Organization of Plant and Animal Health Spanish Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Technical paper on the Central American locust View URL Technical report Species identification, Education Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria Spanish Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
The Times podcast: Your future meal might be grasshoppers View URL Media Edible insects Los Angeles Times English
Watch: Swarm Of Locusts Invades Mexico's Skies In Rare Event View URL Media Media article News 18 English Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Why grasshoppers are a popular snack in Mexico View URL Media Edible insects Spectrum News 1 English


Projects

No results found in the database at this time—please reach out if you have any to share!

References

  1. ↑ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2021) AQUASTAT database. Retrieved September 9, 2024, from https://data.apps.fao.org/aquastat/?lang=en
  2. ↑ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2014) Perfil de País – México. https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/7f3befd8-5cd9-41db-bd62-7d3f43b71c7c/content
  3. ↑ Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (OIRSA) (2019) Plan de acción de manejo de la langosta centroamericana. Primera edición, marzo 2019. 80p. www.oirsa.org https://hopperwiki.org/images/1/14/Action_plan_for_managing_the_Central_American_locust.pdf
  4. ↑ SIAP (2016) Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera. Ciclo agrícola 2014.
  5. ↑ Poot-Pech MA, Ruiz-Sánchez E, Gamboa-Angulo M, Ballina-Gómez H, Reyes-Ramírez A (2018) Population fluctuation of Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Yucatán Península and its relation with the environmental conditions. Biología Tropical 66: 403–414. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v66i1.29502
  6. ↑ SENASICA (2019) Avanzan acciones de control contra la plaga de langosta en 10 entidades del país. https://www.gob.mx/senasica/prensa/avanzan-acciones-de-control-contra-la-plaga-de-langosta-en-10-entidades-del-pais
  7. ↑ SENASICA-DGSV (2016) Langosta Centroamericana [Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons (Walker, 1870)] (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria-Dirección General de Sanidad Vegetal-Centro Nacional de Referencia Fitosanitaria-Grupo Especialista Fitosanitario. Ficha Técnica. Tecámac, México 18 p. https://hopperwiki.org/images/c/cc/Technical_paper_on_the_Central_American_locust.pdf
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Poot-Pech MA (2023) Probability of a Central American locust Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons upsurge in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32: 33–42. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.73824
  9. ↑ Barrientos LL, Astacio CO, Álvarez BF, Poot MO (1992) Manual Técnico Sobre la Langosta Voladora (Schistocerca piceifrons piceifrons Walker, 1870) y Otros Acridoideos de Centroamérica y Sureste de México. FAO-OIRSA, El Salvador, 162 pp.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Ries MW, Adriaansen C, Aldobai S, Berry K, Bal AB, Catenaccio MC, Cigliano MM, Cullen DA, Deveson T, Diongue A, Foquet B, Hadrich J, Hunter D, Johnson DL, Pablo Karnatz J, Lange CE, Lawton D, Lazar M, Latchininsky AV, Lecoq M, Le Gall M, Lockwood J, Manneh B, Overson R, Peterson BF, Piou C, Poot-Pech MA, Robinson BE, Rogers SM, Song H, Springate S, Therville C, Trumper E, Waters C, Woller DA, Youngblood JP, Zhang L, Cease A (2024) Global perspectives and transdisciplinary opportunities for locust and grasshopper pest management and research. Journal of Orthoptera Research 33(2): 169–216. doi:10.3897/jor.33.112803.
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