United States of America

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United States of America
United States of America is within:
Region:Americas
Subregion:Northern America

Species of locust and grasshoppers in United States of America represented in HopperWiki

Organizations (46)

Name Acronym Type Focus Focus keywords Species purview
Behavioral Plasticity Research Institute BPRI Other Research, Education Phenotypic plasticity, Phase polyphenism
Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons), American grasshopper (Schistocerca americana), South American locust (Schistocerca cancellata), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens), Schistocerca serialis
Bug Guts Lab University Research Natural sciences
Bureau of Land Management BLM Government Management, Governance Control, Coordination
Corteva Agriscience Private Sector Management Control
Entomological Society of America ESA Non-profit Organization Other
FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific APPPC Intergovernmental Organization Information Hub, Governance, Education Training, Regional cooperation, Policy Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria)
Global Locust Initiative GLI University Research, Education, Information Hub
Sustainable development, Ecology, Nutrition, Social science, Natural sciences, Agriculture, Agroecology, Biology, Behavior, Biological control, Climate change, Education, Sustainability science, Geometric framework, Grazing, Governance, Food security, Arts and humanities, Land use management, Landscape ecology, Locusts, Migration, Phase polyphenism, Phenotypic plasticity, Soil science
Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera), Mongolian locust (Oedaleus decorus), Senegalese grasshopper (Oedaleus senegalensis), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria), Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), American grasshopper (Schistocerca americana), South American locust (Schistocerca cancellata), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Grassland Insect Ecology Lab University Funding Insect community ecology, Plant/insect interactions, Grassland ecology, Natural sciences
Idaho State Department of Agriculture Government Education, Management Emergency assistance
Illinois State University University Research Natural sciences
Institute of Social and Economic Research University Research Economics, Natural sciences
John Capinera Group UFL University Research, Management Extension, Grasshoppers
Kansas State University K-State University Research
M3 Consulting Private Sector Management Robotics & drone technology
Macalester College University Education
Molecular and Human Genetics University Research Neuroscience, Natural sciences
Montana State University MSU University Development, Research Agricultural development, Control, Research, Sustainable development
National Defense University NDU University Research Remote sensing
National Forest Service NFS Government Management Control
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency NGA Government Management Remote sensing
National Grasshopper Management Board NGBM Non-profit Organization Governance, Management Coordination, Natural sciences Mormon cricket (Anabrus simplex)
National Institutes of Health NIH Government Research
National Science Foundation NSF Government Research, Funding
North Carolina State University Entomology & Plant Pathology Department University Research
Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory Government Research, Management
Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities NWCCU Non-profit Organization Research
Phytosanitary Advanced Analytics Team PAAT Government Research
Agriculture, Agroecology, Artificial intelligence, Climate change, Early warning, Ecology, Forecasting, Geographic Information System (GIS), Invasive species, Landscape ecology, Modeling, Monitoring, Rangeland management, Remote sensing
American grasshopper (Schistocerca americana), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
Rutgers University University Development, Education, Management, Research, Governance Agricultural development, Forecasting, Monitoring, Regional cooperation
SERVIR Global Government Management Forecasting, Modelling
Systems Neuroscience & Neuromorphic Engineering Lab University Research Olfactory, Neurobiology, Natural sciences
The Insect Physiology & Behavior Research Group IPBRG University Research Natural sciences
The Song Laboratory of Insect Systematics and Evolution University Research Natural sciences Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria), Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons)
The Sword Lab University Research Natural sciences
Union College University Research
United States Geological Survey USGS Government Research
University of Arizona Department of Entomology UofA University Research Agricultural development
University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program UC IPM University Education Extension
Devastating grasshopper (Melanoplus devastator), Valley grasshopper (Oedaleonotus enigma), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens)
University of California, Merced University Management Control, Research
University of Florida UFL University Research Integrated pest management
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign University Research
University of Minnesota UofM University Research
University of Montana UMT University Research Natural sciences
University of North Florida UNF University Research Natural sciences
University of Wyoming UWYO University Education Humanities & Arts
USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology-Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station)
 Government Research, Management Management, Natural sciences
Mormon cricket (Anabrus simplex), Speckled rangeland grasshopper (Arphia conspersa), Brown-spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa delicatula)
Yale University University Research Economics


Resources (20)

Title Resource link Category Descriptive keyword Author Language Species purview
CARMA View URL Guide Prototype cropland, Advice, Rangeland management, Crop health, Grasshoppers, Infestations, Outbreaks Scott Shell Extension Entomology, University of Wyoming English
Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers View URL Guide Species identification United States Department of Agriculture English
Turnbull’s grasshopper (Aeoloplides turnbulli), Club-horned grasshopper (Aeropedellus clavatus), White-whiskered grasshopper (Ageneotettix deorum), Striped grasshopper (Amphitornus coloradus), Mormon cricket (Anabrus simplex), Speckled rangeland grasshopper (Arphia conspersa), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudo-nietana), Big-headed grasshopper (Aulocara elliotti), White cross grasshopper (Aulocara femoratum), Ebony grasshopper (Boopedon nubilum), Plains lubber grasshopper (Brachystola magna), Bruner slantfaced grasshopper (Bruneria brunnea), Clear-winged grasshopper (Camnula pellucida), Marsh meadow grasshopper (Pseudochorthippus curtipennis), Northern green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata), Crenulated winged grasshopper (Cordillacris crenulata), Western spotted-winged grasshopper (Cordillacris occipitalis), Hayden's grasshopper (Derotmema haydenii), Carolina grasshopper (Dissosteira carolina), High plains grasshopper (Dissosteira longipennis), Dusky grasshopper (Encoptolophus costalis), Velvet-striped grasshopper (Eritettix simplex), Threebanded grasshopper (Hadrotettix trifasciatus), Meadow purple-striped grasshopper (Hesperotettix viridis), Cudweed grasshopper (Hypochlora alba), Alpine grasshopper (Melanoplus alpinus), Narrow-winged sand grasshopper (Melanoplus angustipennis), Northern grasshopper (Melanoplus borealis), Sagebrush grasshopper (Melanoplus bowditchi), Bruner spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus bruneri), Pasture grasshopper (Melanoplus confusus), Dawson's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus dawsoni), Devastating grasshopper (Melanoplus devastator), Differential grasshopper (Melanoplus differentialis), Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Striped sand grasshopper (Melanoplus foedus), Gladston grasshopper (Melanoplus gladstoni), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Keeler grasshopper (Melanoplus keeleri), Kennicott's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus kennicottii), Lakin grasshopper (Melanoplus lakinus), Occidental grasshopper (Melanoplus occidentalis), Packard grasshopper (Melanoplus packardii), Nevada sage grasshopper (Melanoplus rugglesi), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Two-striped mermiria grasshopper (Mermiria bivittata), Blue-legged grasshopper (Metator pardalinus), Valley grasshopper (Oedaleonotus enigma), Obscure grasshopper (Opeia obscura), Pasture grasshopper (Orphulella speciosa), Four-spotted grasshopper (Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum), Large-headed grasshopper (Phoetaliotes nebrascensis), Brown-spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa delicatula), Mottled sand grasshopper (Spharagemon collare), Say's grasshopper (Spharagemon equale), Kiowa grasshopper (Trachyrhachys kiowa), Pallid-winged grasshopper (Trimerotropis pallidipennis), Red-shanked grasshopper (Xanthippus corallipes), Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus), Four-spotted grasshopper (Philbostroma quadrimaculatum), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudonietana), Finned grasshopper (Trachyrhachys aspera)
Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook View URL Guide
Biological control, Chemical control, Monitoring, Modeling, Population dynamics, Rangeland management, Decision making
 Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture English
Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Kennicott's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus kennicottii), Large-headed grasshopper (Phoetaliotes nebrascensis), Turnbull’s grasshopper (Aeoloplides turnbulli), Meadow purple-striped grasshopper (Hesperotettix viridis), Green fool grasshopper (Acrolophitus hirtipes), Club-horned grasshopper (Aeropedellus clavatus), Marsh meadow grasshopper (Pseudochorthippus curtipennis), Velvet-striped grasshopper (Eritettix simplex), Bunch-grass grasshopper (Pseudopomala brachyptera), Brown-spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa delicatula), Speckled rangeland grasshopper (Arphia conspersa), Northern green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata), Blue-legged grasshopper (Metator pardalinus), Red-shanked grasshopper (Xanthippus corallipes), Mormon cricket (Anabrus simplex), Prairie meadow katydid (Conocephalus saltans), Broad-winged bush katydid (Scudderia pistillata)
Grasshopper watch View URL Media Grasshoppers Ag Proud English
Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus), Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes)
Grasshoppers View URL Guide Life cycle, Pesticide management, Management University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program English
Devastating grasshopper (Melanoplus devastator), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens), Valley grasshopper (Oedaleonotus enigma)
Grasshoppers Are Descending on the West in Swarms View URL Media Grasshoppers Slate Magazine English Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus)
Grasshoppers of the Western United States View URL Guide Management, Species identification United States Department of Agriculture English
Green fool grasshopper (Acrolophitus hirtipes), Turnbull’s grasshopper (Aeoloplides turnbulli), Club-horned grasshopper (Aeropedellus clavatus), White-whiskered grasshopper (Ageneotettix deorum), Speckled rangeland grasshopper (Arphia conspersa), Big-headed grasshopper (Aulocara elliotti), Clear-winged grasshopper (Camnula pellucida), Marsh meadow grasshopper (Pseudochorthippus curtipennis), Northern green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata), Carolina grasshopper (Dissosteira carolina), Velvet-striped grasshopper (Eritettix simplex), Meadow purple-striped grasshopper (Hesperotettix viridis), Dawson's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus dawsoni), Devastating grasshopper (Melanoplus devastator), Differential grasshopper (Melanoplus differentialis), Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Kennicott's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus kennicottii), Occidental grasshopper (Melanoplus occidentalis), Packard grasshopper (Melanoplus packardii), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Blue-legged grasshopper (Metator pardalinus), Valley grasshopper (Oedaleonotus enigma), Obscure grasshopper (Opeia obscura), Spotted-wing grasshopper (Orphulella pelidna), Four-spotted grasshopper (Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum), Large-headed grasshopper (Phoetaliotes nebrascensis), Bunch-grass grasshopper (Pseudopomala brachyptera), Brown-spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa delicatula), Bird grasshopper (Schistocerca pallens), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens), Mischievous bird grasshopper (Schistocerca damnifica), Kiowa grasshopper (Trachyrhachys kiowa), Red-shanked grasshopper (Xanthippus corallipes), Striped grasshopper (Amphitornus coloradus), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudo-nietana), White cross grasshopper (Aulocara femoratum), Ebony grasshopper (Boopedon nubilum), Plains lubber grasshopper (Brachystola magna), Acrida gigantea, Bruner slantfaced grasshopper (Bruneria brunnea), Crenulated winged grasshopper (Cordillacris crenulata), Western spotted-winged grasshopper (Cordillacris occipitalis), Hayden's grasshopper (Derotmema haydenii), High plains grasshopper (Dissosteira longipennis), Dusky grasshopper (Encoptolophus costalis), Threebanded grasshopper (Hadrotettix trifasciatus), Spathosternum prasiniferum, Cudweed grasshopper (Hypochlora alba), Narrow-winged sand grasshopper (Melanoplus angustipennis), Northern grasshopper (Melanoplus borealis), Sagebrush grasshopper (Melanoplus bowditchi), Bruner spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus bruneri), Pasture grasshopper (Melanoplus confusus), Striped sand grasshopper (Melanoplus foedus), Gladston grasshopper (Melanoplus gladstoni), Keeler grasshopper (Melanoplus keeleri), Lakin grasshopper (Melanoplus lakinus), Nevada sage grasshopper (Melanoplus rugglesi), Two-striped mermiria grasshopper (Mermiria bivittata), Pasture grasshopper (Orphulella speciosa), Mottled sand grasshopper (Spharagemon collare), Say's grasshopper (Spharagemon equale), Pallid-winged grasshopper (Trimerotropis pallidipennis), Graceful range grasshopper (Boopedon gracile), Fuzzy olive-green grasshopper (Campylacantha olivacea), Pictured grasshopper (Dactylotum bicolor), Rufous grasshopper (Heliaula rufa), Showy grasshopper (Hesperotettix speciosus), Wrinkled grasshopper (Hippiscus ocelote), Two-spined spurthroated grasshopper (Melanoplus bispinosus), Blue-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus flavidus), Wyoming toothpick grasshopper (Paropomala wyomingensis), Texas spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa texana), Handsome grasshopper (Syrbula admirabilis), Toothed dune grasshopper (Trimerotropis agrestis), Alkali grasshopper (Trimerotropis salina), Montana band-winged grasshopper (Xanthippus montanus), Coral-winged grasshopper (Pardalophora apiculata), Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudonietana), Finned grasshopper (Trachyrhachys aspera), American grasshopper (Schistocerca americana), Spotted bird grasshopper (Schistocerca lineata), Obscure bird grasshopper (Schistocerca obscura)
Las Vegas resident shares experience as swarms of grasshoppers return to valley View URL Media Outbreaks KLAS 8 News Now English Pallid-winged grasshopper (Trimerotropis pallidipennis)
Mega Disasters: Super Swarms of Locusts View URL Media General locust education, Video History Channel English Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)
Montana.gov grasshopper field guides View URL Information hub Species identification, Management, Biology English
Melanoplus lanthanus, Melanoplus missoulae, Melanoplus picropidzae, Alkali grasshopper (Trimerotropis salina), Alpine grasshopper (Melanoplus alpinus), Ashy spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus cinereus), Barren land grasshopper (Trimerotropis pistrinaria), Big-headed grasshopper (Aulocara elliotti), Broad-banded grasshopper (Trimerotropis latifasciata), Brown-spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa delicatula), Bruner spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus bruneri), Bruner slantfaced grasshopper (Bruneria brunnea), Buckell's timberline grasshopper (Buckellacris nuda), Campestral grasshopper (Spharagemon campestris), Indigene spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus indigens), Keeler grasshopper (Melanoplus keeleri), Kennicott's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus kennicottii), Kiowa grasshopper (Trachyrhachys kiowa), Knowles' spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus knowlesi), Large-headed grasshopper (Phoetaliotes nebrascensis), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Masked grasshopper (Trimerotropis cincta), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Montana grasshopper (Asemoplus montanus), Montana spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus montanus), Mottled sand grasshopper (Spharagemon collare), Narrow-winged sand grasshopper (Melanoplus angustipennis), Nevada sage grasshopper (Melanoplus rugglesi), Northern grasshopper (Melanoplus borealis), Northern green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata), Obscure grasshopper (Opeia obscura), Occidental grasshopper (Melanoplus occidentalis), Packard grasshopper (Melanoplus packardii), Pallid-winged grasshopper (Trimerotropis pallidipennis), Pasture grasshopper (Orphulella speciosa), Pasture grasshopper (Melanoplus confusus), Pictured grasshopper (Dactylotum bicolor), Platte range grasshopper (Mestobregma plattei), Pronotal range grasshopper (Cratypedes neglectus), Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Red-shanked grasshopper (Xanthippus corallipes), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudonietana), Rehn's slow grasshopper (Argiacris rehni), Rocky mountain locust (Melanoplus spretus), Sagebrush grasshopper (Melanoplus bowditchi), Montana band-winged grasshopper (Xanthippus montanus), Say's grasshopper (Spharagemon equale), Shasta slant-faced grasshopper (Bruneria shastana), Bunch-grass grasshopper (Pseudopomala brachyptera), Slow mountain grasshopper (Bradynotes obesa), Meadow purple-striped grasshopper (Hesperotettix viridis), Speckled rangeland grasshopper (Arphia conspersa), Spotted bird grasshopper (Schistocerca lineata), Spotted-wing grasshopper (Orphulella pelidna), Western spotted-winged grasshopper (Cordillacris occipitalis), Sprinkled broad-winged grasshopper (Chloealtis conspersa), Striped grasshopper (Amphitornus coloradus), Striped sand grasshopper (Melanoplus foedus), Turnbull’s grasshopper (Aeoloplides turnbulli), Thomas' broad-winged grasshopper (Chloealtis abdominalis), Thomas' fontana grasshopper (Trimerotropis fontana), Thomas' slender grasshopper (Trimerotropis gracilis), Threebanded grasshopper (Hadrotettix trifasciatus), Toothed dune grasshopper (Trimerotropis agrestis), Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus), Two-striped mermiria grasshopper (Mermiria bivittata), Velvet-striped grasshopper (Eritettix simplex), Showy grasshopper (Hesperotettix speciosus), White-whiskered grasshopper (Ageneotettix deorum), White cross grasshopper (Aulocara femoratum), Wrangler grasshopper (Circotettix rabula), Wrinkled grasshopper (Hippiscus ocelote), Wyoming toothpick grasshopper (Paropomala wyomingensis), Blue-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus flavidus), Barracris petraea, Blue-legged grasshopper (Metator pardalinus), Boll's grasshopper (Spharagemon bolli), Carolina grasshopper (Dissosteira carolina), Clear-winged grasshopper (Camnula pellucida), Carlinian snapper grasshopper (Circotettix carlinianus), Club-horned grasshopper (Aeropedellus clavatus), Coral-winged grasshopper (Pardalophora apiculata), Crackling forest grasshopper (Trimerotropis verruculata), Crenulated winged grasshopper (Cordillacris crenulata), Cudweed grasshopper (Hypochlora alba), Dawson's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus dawsoni), Differential grasshopper (Melanoplus differentialis), Dodge's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus dodgei), Dusky grasshopper (Encoptolophus costalis), Ebony grasshopper (Boopedon nubilum), Four-spotted grasshopper (Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum), Geyser grasshopper (Trimerotropis diversellus), Gladston grasshopper (Melanoplus gladstoni), Graceful sedge grasshopper (Stethophyma gracile), Great basin grasshopper (Trimerotropis sparsa), Green fool grasshopper (Acrolophitus hirtipes), Haldeman's grasshopper (Pardalophora haldemanii), Hayden's grasshopper (Derotmema haydenii), Huckleberry grasshopper (Melanoplus fasciatus), Huron spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus huroni), Oregon short-winged grasshopper (Melanoplus oregonensis), Undulant-winged grasshopper (Circotettix undulatus), Marsh meadow grasshopper (Pseudochorthippus curtipennis)
Mormon cricket 'sludge' blankets northern Nevada roads causing crashes View URL Media Media article, Outbreaks KLAS 8 News Now English Mormon cricket (Anabrus simplex)
NSF Coupled Natural Human Systems Living with Locusts project summary Technical report Summary
Australian Plague Locust Commission, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Grassland Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Lanzhou University, New South Wales Local Land Services, Peace Corps Senegal, Directorate of Plant Protection, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Sydney
 English, Spanish, French
Mongolian locust (Oedaleus decorus), Senegalese grasshopper (Oedaleus senegalensis), Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera)
Overview of the APHIS Rangeland Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Suppression Program View URL Media Management, Chemical control, Grasshoppers, Governance, Video
USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology-Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), United States Department of Agriculture
 English
Pest Grasshoppers of the West View URL Guide Management, Species identification English
Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Clear-winged grasshopper (Camnula pellucida), Differential grasshopper (Melanoplus differentialis), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Big-headed grasshopper (Aulocara elliotti), Spotted-wing grasshopper (Orphulella pelidna), Packard grasshopper (Melanoplus packardii), Occidental grasshopper (Melanoplus occidentalis), White-whiskered grasshopper (Ageneotettix deorum), Valley grasshopper (Oedaleonotus enigma), Obscure grasshopper (Opeia obscura), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Kiowa grasshopper (Trachyrhachys kiowa), Four-spotted grasshopper (Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum), Meadow purple-striped grasshopper (Hesperotettix viridis)
Rangeland Grasshopper Management View URL Guide Management, Species identification University of Wyoming English
White-whiskered grasshopper (Ageneotettix deorum), Striped grasshopper (Amphitornus coloradus), Big-headed grasshopper (Aulocara elliotti), Clear-winged grasshopper (Camnula pellucida), Western spotted-winged grasshopper (Cordillacris occipitalis), Crenulated winged grasshopper (Cordillacris crenulata), Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus), Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Occidental grasshopper (Melanoplus occidentalis), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Blue-legged grasshopper (Metator pardalinus), Obscure grasshopper (Opeia obscura), Four-spotted grasshopper (Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum), Kiowa grasshopper (Trachyrhachys kiowa)
South American locust NSF Grant for Rapid Response Research project summary Technical report Summary
The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria e Inocuidad Alimentaria, National Plant and Seed Health and Quality Service, Global Locust Initiative, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Arizona State University
 English, Spanish, French South American locust (Schistocerca cancellata)
Synthesis of the governance workshop on the South American Locust Technical report Workshop, Summary, Governance
Foundation for Food & Agriculture Research, The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Global Locust Initiative, Clara Therville, John Anderies, Hector Medina, Rick Overson, Eduardo Trumper, Arianne Cease
 English, Spanish South American locust (Schistocerca cancellata)
The Grasshoppers of the Western U.S. Lucid mobile app View URL Guide Management, Species identification
USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology-Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), United States Department of Agriculture, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology of the USDA, University of Nebraska, Chadron State College
 English
Green fool grasshopper (Acrolophitus hirtipes), Turnbull’s grasshopper (Aeoloplides turnbulli), Club-horned grasshopper (Aeropedellus clavatus), White-whiskered grasshopper (Ageneotettix deorum), Speckled rangeland grasshopper (Arphia conspersa), Big-headed grasshopper (Aulocara elliotti), Clear-winged grasshopper (Camnula pellucida), Marsh meadow grasshopper (Pseudochorthippus curtipennis), Northern green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata), Carolina grasshopper (Dissosteira carolina), Velvet-striped grasshopper (Eritettix simplex), Meadow purple-striped grasshopper (Hesperotettix viridis), Dawson's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus dawsoni), Devastating grasshopper (Melanoplus devastator), Differential grasshopper (Melanoplus differentialis), Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Kennicott's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus kennicottii), Occidental grasshopper (Melanoplus occidentalis), Packard grasshopper (Melanoplus packardii), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Blue-legged grasshopper (Metator pardalinus), Valley grasshopper (Oedaleonotus enigma), Obscure grasshopper (Opeia obscura), Spotted-wing grasshopper (Orphulella pelidna), Four-spotted grasshopper (Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum), Large-headed grasshopper (Phoetaliotes nebrascensis), Bunch-grass grasshopper (Pseudopomala brachyptera), Brown-spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa delicatula), Bird grasshopper (Schistocerca pallens), Gray bird grasshopper (Schistocerca nitens), Mischievous bird grasshopper (Schistocerca damnifica), Kiowa grasshopper (Trachyrhachys kiowa), Red-shanked grasshopper (Xanthippus corallipes), Striped grasshopper (Amphitornus coloradus), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudo-nietana), White cross grasshopper (Aulocara femoratum), Ebony grasshopper (Boopedon nubilum), Plains lubber grasshopper (Brachystola magna), Acrida gigantea, Bruner slantfaced grasshopper (Bruneria brunnea), Crenulated winged grasshopper (Cordillacris crenulata), Western spotted-winged grasshopper (Cordillacris occipitalis), Hayden's grasshopper (Derotmema haydenii), High plains grasshopper (Dissosteira longipennis), Dusky grasshopper (Encoptolophus costalis), Threebanded grasshopper (Hadrotettix trifasciatus), Spathosternum prasiniferum, Cudweed grasshopper (Hypochlora alba), Narrow-winged sand grasshopper (Melanoplus angustipennis), Northern grasshopper (Melanoplus borealis), Sagebrush grasshopper (Melanoplus bowditchi), Bruner spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus bruneri), Pasture grasshopper (Melanoplus confusus), Striped sand grasshopper (Melanoplus foedus), Gladston grasshopper (Melanoplus gladstoni), Keeler grasshopper (Melanoplus keeleri), Lakin grasshopper (Melanoplus lakinus), Nevada sage grasshopper (Melanoplus rugglesi), Two-striped mermiria grasshopper (Mermiria bivittata), Pasture grasshopper (Orphulella speciosa), Mottled sand grasshopper (Spharagemon collare), Say's grasshopper (Spharagemon equale), Pallid-winged grasshopper (Trimerotropis pallidipennis), Graceful range grasshopper (Boopedon gracile), Fuzzy olive-green grasshopper (Campylacantha olivacea), Pictured grasshopper (Dactylotum bicolor), Rufous grasshopper (Heliaula rufa), Showy grasshopper (Hesperotettix speciosus), Wrinkled grasshopper (Hippiscus ocelote), Two-spined spurthroated grasshopper (Melanoplus bispinosus), Blue-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus flavidus), Wyoming toothpick grasshopper (Paropomala wyomingensis), Texas spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa texana), Handsome grasshopper (Syrbula admirabilis), Toothed dune grasshopper (Trimerotropis agrestis), Alkali grasshopper (Trimerotropis salina), Montana band-winged grasshopper (Xanthippus montanus), Coral-winged grasshopper (Pardalophora apiculata), Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudonietana), Finned grasshopper (Trachyrhachys aspera), American grasshopper (Schistocerca americana), Spotted bird grasshopper (Schistocerca lineata), Obscure bird grasshopper (Schistocerca obscura)
USDA APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology Phoenix Lab Rangeland Unit project summary Technical report Summary
USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology-Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture
 English, Spanish, French Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes)
USDA ARS grasshopper species fact sheets View URL Guide Management, Species identification Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture English
Turnbull’s grasshopper (Aeoloplides turnbulli), White-whiskered grasshopper (Ageneotettix deorum), Striped grasshopper (Amphitornus coloradus), Mormon cricket (Anabrus simplex), Red-winged grasshopper (Arphia pseudo-nietana), Speckled rangeland grasshopper (Arphia conspersa), Big-headed grasshopper (Aulocara elliotti), White cross grasshopper (Aulocara femoratum), Ebony grasshopper (Boopedon nubilum), Bruner slantfaced grasshopper (Bruneria brunnea), Clear-winged grasshopper (Camnula pellucida), Marsh meadow grasshopper (Pseudochorthippus curtipennis), Northern green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata), Crenulated winged grasshopper (Cordillacris crenulata), Western spotted-winged grasshopper (Cordillacris occipitalis), Hayden's grasshopper (Derotmema haydenii), Carolina grasshopper (Dissosteira carolina), High plains grasshopper (Dissosteira longipennis), Dusky grasshopper (Encoptolophus costalis), Velvet-striped grasshopper (Eritettix simplex), Threebanded grasshopper (Hadrotettix trifasciatus), Meadow purple-striped grasshopper (Hesperotettix viridis), Cudweed grasshopper (Hypochlora alba), Alpine grasshopper (Melanoplus alpinus), Narrow-winged sand grasshopper (Melanoplus angustipennis), Two-striped grasshopper (Melanoplus bivittatus), Northern grasshopper (Melanoplus borealis), Sagebrush grasshopper (Melanoplus bowditchi), Bruner spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus bruneri), Pasture grasshopper (Melanoplus confusus), Dawson's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus dawsoni), Devastating grasshopper (Melanoplus devastator), Differential grasshopper (Melanoplus differentialis), Red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum), Striped sand grasshopper (Melanoplus foedus), Gladston grasshopper (Melanoplus gladstoni), Little spur-throated grasshopper (Melanoplus infantilis), Keeler grasshopper (Melanoplus keeleri), Kennicott's spur-throat grasshopper (Melanoplus kennicottii), Lakin grasshopper (Melanoplus lakinus), Occidental grasshopper (Melanoplus occidentalis), Packard grasshopper (Melanoplus packardii), Nevada sage grasshopper (Melanoplus rugglesi), Migratory grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes), Two-striped mermiria grasshopper (Mermiria bivittata), Blue-legged grasshopper (Metator pardalinus), Valley grasshopper (Oedaleonotus enigma), Obscure grasshopper (Opeia obscura), Pasture grasshopper (Orphulella speciosa), Four-spotted grasshopper (Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum), Large-headed grasshopper (Phoetaliotes nebrascensis), Brown-spotted range grasshopper (Psoloessa delicatula), Say's grasshopper (Spharagemon equale), Mottled sand grasshopper (Spharagemon collare), Kiowa grasshopper (Trachyrhachys kiowa), Pallid-winged grasshopper (Trimerotropis pallidipennis), Red-shanked grasshopper (Xanthippus corallipes), Club-horned grasshopper (Aeropedellus clavatus), Plains lubber grasshopper (Brachystola magna)


Projects

Name Acronym Image Status Project leads Related organization
FFAR New Innovator in Food and Agriculture Research Award FFAR Completed John Anderies, Clara Therville, Mira Word Ries, Rick Overson, Arianne Cease Australian Plague Locust Commission, Directorate of Plant Protection, Gaston Berger University, Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria e Inocuidad Alimentaria, National Plant and Seed Health and Quality Service, African Aquatic Conservation Fund, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, National Agricultural Technology Institute
NSF Coupled Natural Human Systems Living with Locusts CNH CNH Completed Arianne Cease, James Elser, Jon Harrison, Joleen Hadrich, Eli Fenichel, Brian Robinson, Mira Word Ries, Balanding Manneh, Ruth Farington, Marion Le Gall, Jennifer Learned Australian Plague Locust Commission, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Grassland Research Institute, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Lanzhou University, New South Wales Local Land Services, Peace Corps Senegal, Directorate of Plant Protection, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Sydney
South American locust NSF Grant for RAPID Response Research RAPID Completed Jon Harrison, Stav Talal, Sydney Millerwise, Rick Overson, Arianne Cease The National Food Safety and Quality Service, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria e Inocuidad Alimentaria, National Plant and Seed Health and Quality Service, Global Locust Initiative, Arizona State University, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno
USDA APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology Phoenix Lab Rangeland Unit Collaboration with the Global Locust Initiative USDA Active Zephyr Zembrzuski, Rick Overson, Arianne Cease USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology-Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (Phoenix Station), Global Locust Initiative, United States Department of Agriculture, Arizona State University



Situation overview

While there are no locusts in the United States today, the Rocky Mountain locust, Melanoplus spretus (Walsh, 1866), once swarmed the Great Plains of North America. Prior to 1900, it was the most significant pest of its kind, aggregating in unprecedented numbers, making it the record holder for the largest documented swarms among all locust species worldwide. [1] [2] The inception of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) emphasis on combating insect pests can be traced back to the Rocky Mountain locust.[3] The presumed last specimens of this species were discovered in Canada in 1902, and in 2014, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) officially declared the species extinct.[4]

Nevertheless, periodic outbreaks of other pest grasshopper species continue to afflict farmers and ranchers, particularly in the western regions of the United States.[5] Since 1920, annual surveys have been conducted to monitor and address these cyclical grasshopper infestations.[6] Grasshopper outbreaks can have significant economic consequences for agriculture in the United States. They can cause substantial crop losses, reduce forage availability for livestock, and increase production costs for farmers due to the need for pest control measures or to replace forage with hay. The economic impact varies from year to year and from region to region, depending on grasshopper population levels.

Among the 400 grasshopper species inhabiting the western United States and Canadian prairies, only around two dozen species are responsible for economically significant crop damage on an annual basis. [7] [8] [9][5] Among these species, the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes stands out as the most destructive pest in the United States and certain southern regions of Canadian grasslands. [8] [9] Other important species include[5]:

Grasshopper infestations had a profound impact during the 1930s and mid-1980s, with the 1930s outbreaks being instrumental in the establishment of a USDA program mandated by Congress to effectively manage such outbreaks. This program, known as the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Rangeland Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket Suppression Program, works in conjunction with the USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) to continually enhance management techniques.[5] Collaborations extend to multiple university research groups, as well as various federal entities like the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), state departments of agriculture, tribal councils, and private stakeholders such as ranchers providing land for experimental purposes.[10]

To address locust plagues beyond the borders of the United States, United States Agency for International Development (USAID) plays a role by providing support, predominantly through funding efforts and research. [5]

Organizational relationships

In the United States, best practices for grasshopper management are commonly shared through bulletins, handouts, websites, and other publications, primarily at the federal and state levels.[5] The aim is to provide relevant and valuable information to stakeholders, enabling them to protect agricultural interests from the economic impacts of grasshopper outbreaks. In the past, localized management efforts for grasshopper control often failed due to the mobile nature of the threat.[10] As a result, the United States recognized the need to address the issue at the federal level and foster collaboration among partners from diverse backgrounds. [10] [3]

Funding from the federal government often supports various research initiatives undertaken by collaborating partners.[5] A notable example is the Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Project initiated by USDA-APHIS in 1987, which remains the largest collaborative project in the United States. Valuable knowledge gained from this project was compiled and shared with the public in the form of the Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook (1996-2000). The project fostered enduring relationships with universities and continues to establish new partnerships, all working towards the same overarching goal.[5]

The knowledge and expertise gained from U.S. locust management efforts have been shared internationally through collaborative ventures.[5] Collaborative projects with countries like Canada, focusing on population forecasting, Mexico's ongoing project centered on modeling the potential migration of the Central American locust (Schistocerca piceifrons). Additionally, distant collaborations have occurred, such as with Australia, where members of APHIS were invited by the Australian Plague Locust Commission (APLC) in the 1990s for reciprocal information exchange.[5]

University extension programs also play a role in managing pest grasshoppers in the US. Extension programs often conduct research to understand the behavior, biology, and ecology of grasshoppers which can help inform management decisions. Extension officers spend a lot of time on education and outreach efforts to disseminate information to farmers, ranchers, and the wider community. Extension programs are often effective at fostering collaborations with various stakeholders, including government agencies and industry partners.

Regional management strengths and challenges

Strengths

The grasshopper management structure in the United States benefits from the availability of high-quality datasets encompassing sociodemographic variables.[5] This enables comprehensive studies on the impacts of locust outbreaks and pest control measures. Additionally, the preservation of historical knowledge in numerous publications contributes to a rich understanding of pest grasshoppers. Furthermore, the commitment of the federal government to allocate a congressional budget line for ongoing management research, annual population surveys, and treatments is a significant advantage that ensures a sustained effort in combating grasshopper issues. [5]

Another key strength lies in the ability to foster collaboration among stakeholders from diverse backgrounds across the nation. [5] This collective effort enables the investigation of improved, cost-effective, and sustainable management methods. Such collaborations have led to innovative advancements in technology and chemistry, resulting in more efficient population suppression both before and during outbreaks.

For instance, the utilization of diflubenzuron, an insect growth regulator insecticide, has proven effective in inhibiting proper molting during non-adult instar stages.[11] Additionally, the adoption of reduced agent and area treatments (RAATs) has shown promise. This approach involves alternating insecticide treatments with untreated areas of habitat, thereby minimizing environmental impact and reducing costs.[12] These advancements demonstrate the ongoing efforts to develop environmentally conscious and cost-effective strategies for grasshopper management.

Challenges

There has been a decline in the number of researchers dedicated to studying grasshoppers and their IPM. This decline seems to align with a reduced perception of grasshoppers as a significant threat, likely due to less frequent outbreaks, which can be attributed to improved management practices. However, it should be noted that high-density grasshopper populations and periodic outbreaks still pose challenges for many ranchers and farmers, despite the shifting perception.[5]

Another weakness lies in the decreasing funding, both from federal and other sources, which may be influenced by the aforementioned perception changes. This decrease in funding has a direct impact on available personnel for conducting annual federal surveys on population levels and treatments, potentially exacerbating the decline in grasshopper researchers.[5] There is also a challenge in sharing data archives between federal and non-federal researchers due to concerns about sharing private information regarding stakeholders associated with outbreaks, which hinders the seamless exchange of valuable information.

Overall, these weaknesses highlight the need for continued support, investment, and collaboration to address grasshopper management effectively and overcome the associated challenges.[5]


References

  1. ↑ Lockwood JA, Debrey LD (1990) A Solution for the Sudden and Unexplained Extinction of the Rocky Mountain Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Environmental Entomology. 19: 1194–1205. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.5.1194
  2. ↑ Lockwood JA (2004) Locust: the Devastating Rise and Mysterious Disappearance of the Insect that Shaped the American Frontier. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-7382-0894-7.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Henneberry TJ (2008) Federal Entomology: Beginnings and Organizational Entities in the United States Department of Agriculture, 1854–2006, With Selected Research Highlights. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, DC. Agricultural Information Bulletin 802: 87 pp.
  4. ↑ Hochkirch A (2014) Melanoplus spretus. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T51269349A55309428.en.
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 Ries MW, Adriaansen C, Aldobai S, Berry K, Bal AB, Catenaccio MC, Cigliano MM, Cullen DA, Deveson T, Diongue A, Foquet B, Hadrich J, Hunter D, Johnson DL, Pablo Karnatz J, Lange CE, Lawton D, Lazar M, Latchininsky AV, Lecoq M, Le Gall M, Lockwood J, Manneh B, Overson R, Peterson BF, Piou C, Poot-Pech MA, Robinson BE, Rogers SM, Song H, Springate S, Therville C, Trumper E, Waters C, Woller DA, Youngblood JP, Zhang L, Cease A (2024) Global perspectives and transdisciplinary opportunities for locust and grasshopper pest management and research. Journal of Orthoptera Research 33(2): 169–216. doi:10.3897/jor.33.112803.
  6. ↑ Belovsky GE, Lockwood JA, Winks K (1996–2000) Technical Bulletin No. 1809. IV.8 Recognizing and Managing Potential Outbreak Conditions. pp. IV.8-1-4 in G. L. Cunningham and M. W. Sampson, editors, Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington, DC.
  7. ↑ Dysart RJ (1996–2000) Technical Bulletin No. 1809. VI.6 Relative Importance of Rangeland Grasshoppers in Western North America: A Numerical Ranking From the Literature. Pp. VI.6-1-20 in G. L. Cunningham and M. W. Sampson, editors, Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington, DC.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Pfadt RE (2002) Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers, Third Edition. Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 912. Laramie, Wyoming.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Johnson DL (2008) Grasshopper identification & control methods to protect crops and the environment. Available from: http://scholar.ulethbridge.ca/sites/default/files/danjohnson/files/grasshopper_identification_control_methods.pdf
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Cunningham GL (1996–2000) Technical Bulletin 1809. Introduction to the Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington D.C. 1–3 pp.
  11. ↑ Foster RN and Reuter KC (1996–2000). VII.2 Dimilin® Spray for Reducing Rangeland Grasshopper Populations, pp. 1–4. In G. L. Cunningham and M. W. Sampson (eds.), Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management User Handbook, Technical Bulletin No. 1809. U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Washington, D.C. U.S.A.
  12. ↑ Lockwood JA, Schell SP, Foster RN, Reuter C, Rachadi T (2000) Reduced agent area treatments (RAAT) for management of rangeland grasshoppers: efficacy and economics under operational conditions. International journal of pest management 46: 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/096708700227552
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