Yellow-spined bamboo locust (Ceracris kiangsu)

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Yellow-spined bamboo locust (Ceracris kiangsu)
Yellow-spined bamboo locust
Taxonomy
Family:Acrididae
Subfamily:Oedipodinae
Genus:Ceracris
Additional resources
Full taxonomy at OSF

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A notorious grain and bamboo pest in South China, especially in Hunan. [1] Banana, maize, millet, rice, sorghum and other crops are also targeted [1]


Nomenclature

Ceracris kiangsu Tsai, 1929. For full nomenclature, see this taxon's page on Orthoptera Species File


Identification

Antennae are very long. In males >2x length of head and pronotum [1]

Phase Stage Color Wings Legs
Gregarious nymph
Gregarious immature adult
Gregarious mature adult
Solitarious nymph
Solitarious immature adult
Solitarious adult Generally green, prominent orange-yellow median longitudinal stripe on pronotum. [1]

Identification resources

Name Year published Resource link Descriptive keyword Language Geographic purview Author Year published
Orthoptera Species File View URL Species identification, Biology English Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, Oceania Orthoptera Species File Online



Distribution

India, Thailand, China,[1] Laos, Vietnam. Widely distributed in bamboo forests south of Yangtse river. For more information and distribution records see [GBIF]

Biology

Five hopper instars. Humidity (70%) and high temperatures (27-30° C) are favorable for development [1] Adults emerge during June–August and keep feeding on bamboo leaves for about 40 days and consume an average of 365 cm2 of bamboo leaves per male and 1 081 cm2 per female. [2] and references therein.

Life cycle parameters
Phase Developmental time
Eggs
Hopper
Adult
Laying-fledging
Adult maturation
Total

Habitat and ecology

Yellow-spined Bamboo locust group credit: Long Zhang

C. kiangsu is maining concentrated in S. China where it is a serious problem for bamboo, especially mōsō bamboo (Phyllostachys_edulis). It will also feed on other grasses and cereal crops. Eggs are laid in last summer and hatch early May. Most eggs are laid on southeast facing mountain slopes at 300–400 m. [1] C. kiangsuexhibits puddling behavior around human urine; attracted by NaCl along with other components of urine.[3] This phenomenon is being explored to use as bait for control in China. [2] [4]

Insecticides are used to control late-stage nymphs and adults at high population densities because young nymphs are less destructive and serve as a food source for birds, lizards, and other natural enemies. [4] Historically, hexachlorobenzene fumigants were used and insecticide spraying is still widely practiced. However more sustainable, convenient, and cost-effective methods are needed. [4]

Land-use change

Interactions between C. kiangsu and livestock grazing are unknown. [5]

Pest status

Recent outbreaks

Yellow-spined bamboo locust damage 2020 credit: Long Zhang

In 2020, large numbers of Yellow-spined bamboo locust caused problems for agricultural production in Laos, Vietnam and spread throughout China’s southwestern province of Yunnan. Swarms were first detected in China where local authorities deployed a management campaigns primarily using drones to spray pesticides (pyrethroids). Three to four large swarms were observed, potentially containing more than 80 million individuals. Corn (~3,000 ha) and bamboo trees (~10,000 ha) were particularly damaged. Regional cooperation was called for to keep the situation contained. [6]

In Laos the yellow-spined bamboo locust was widespread across the nine districts of Northern Laos and damaged over 5,000 hectares of crops in 2019. [7]

In 1946, the equivalent of 3,400,000 Chinese dollars was lost due to a 6000 ha infestation of C. kiangsu. [1]

Outbreak media coverage

2020

Yellow-spined bamboo locust swarms invade Yunan province

Crops at risk as southern China battles worst locust infestation in decades (August 30, 2020)

Yellow-Spined Bamboo Locust Invades Southwest China, Occupies Nearly 6,667 Hectares (July 10, 2020)

Locust Plague Hits Phongsaly, 5 Hectares of Crops Destroyed (June 30, 2020)

Chinese Authorities Deploy Fleets of Drones to Battle Locust Invasion (July 31, 2020)

2017
Laos, China and neigbouring countries discuss locust outbreak in Laos (February 21, 2017)

Lao to Get Supports from Thailand to Halt the Bamboo Locust Outbreak (February 17, 2017)

Name Year published Resource link Descriptive keyword Language Geographic purview Author Year published
CABI contributes to study which reveals yellow-spined bamboo locust prefers wheat and rice to maize 2023 View URL Media article English China National Institutes of Health, Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International 2023
Chinese Authorities Deploy Fleets of Drones to Battle Locust Invasion View URL Robotics, Drones, Technology English China Caixin Global
Lao to Get Supports from Thailand to Halt the Bamboo Locust Outbreak 2019 View URL
Media article, Locust outbreaks, Locusts, Outbreaks, Infestations, Pesticides, Chemical control, Spraying, Governance, Emergency response, Agriculture, Crop health, Management, Integrated pest management, Community development, Press release
English Laos Thai-German Cooperation 2019
Laos, China and neigbouring countries discuss locust outbreak in Laos View URL Media article, Governance, Collective movement, Locust outbreaks, Locusts, Outbreaks, Infestations, Management, Press release English Laos, China, Vietnam, Thailand Open Development Mekong
Locust Plague Hits Phongsaly, 5 Hectares of Crops Destroyed 2020 View URL Media article, Locust outbreaks, Outbreaks, Locusts, Infestations, Crop health, Agriculture, Food security, Spraying, Pesticides, Management, Chemical control, Economics English Laos Laotian Times 2020
Southern China battles worst locust infestation in decades 2020 View URL
Media article, Locust outbreaks, Locusts, Infestations, Outbreaks, Agriculture, Food security, Crop health, Press release, Governance, Spraying, Pesticides, Management, Monitoring, Robotics, Drones, Technology
English China South China Morning Post 2020
Swarms of locusts invade Northern Vietnamese village 2024 View URL Locust outbreaks English Viet Nam Saigon Giai Phong News 2024
Yellow-Spined Bamboo Locust Invades Southwest China, Occupies Nearly 6,667 Hectares View URL
Media article, Locust outbreaks, Locusts, Outbreaks, Infestations, Crop health, Monitoring, Chemical control, Aerial control operations, Pesticides, Agriculture, Economics, Robotics, Drones, Technology
English China Yicai Global



Organizations associated with the yellow-spined bamboo locust

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Resources

Name Year published Resource link Descriptive keyword Language Geographic purview Author Year published
CABI Green Muscle education videos 2021 View URL Video, Biological control, Biopesticide, Metarhizium acridum, Storage, Dosage, Application, PPE and cleaning Arabic, French, Russian, English Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, Oceania Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International 2021
Sustainable use and conservation of microbial and invertebrate biological control agents and microbial biostimulants 2023 View URL Management, Biological control, Biopesticide English Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, Oceania Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International 2023
Yellow-spined bamboo locust swarms invade Yunan province 2020 View URL English Laos, Viet Nam The Orthopterists' Society 2020



References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 COPR (1982) The Locust and Grasshopper Agricultural Manual. London: Overseas Pest Research. 387.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Yu H-P, Shen K, Wang Z-T, Mu L-L, Li G-Q (2011a) Population control of the yellow-spined bamboo locust, Ceracris kiangsu, using urine- borne chemical baits in bamboo forest. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 138: 71–76. doi: 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.01076.x
  3. Shen K, Wang H-J, Shao L, Xiao K, Shu J-P, Xu T-S (2009) Mud- puddling in the yellow-spined bamboo locust, Ceracris kiangsu (Oedipodidae: Orthoptera): does it detect and prefer salts or nitrogenous compounds from human urine? Journal of Insect Physiology 55: 78–84. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.10.011
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Yu H-P, Wang Z-T, Xiao K, Shao L, Li G-Q (2011b) The presence of conspecific decoys enhances the attractiveness of an NaCl resource to the yellow-spined locust, Ceracris kiangsu. Journal of insect science 11: 45. doi: 10.1673/031.011.0145
  5. Le Gall M, Overson R, Cease A (2019) A global review on locusts (Orthoptera: Acrididae) and their interactions with livestock grazing practices. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 7: 263. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00263
  6. Zhang L (2020) Yellow-spined bamboo locust swarms invade Yunan province. Metaleptea 40: 3 p. 6. http://orthsoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Metaleptea_40_3.pdf
  7. www.cabi.org. BioSpace: Using space-enabled remote sensing for long term sustainable growth of biopesticide use. https://www.cabi.org/projects/biospace-using-space-enabled-remote-sensing-for-long-term-sustainable-growth-of-biopesticide-use/