Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Acronym:	FAO
Website:	View URL
Geography
Headquarter country:	Italy
Categories
Type:	Intergovernmental Organization
Focus:	Management

Related organizations

The following organizations represented on HopperWiki are associated with this organization:

• Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region
• Desert Locust Control Organization for Eastern Africa
• FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in Northwest Africa
• FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in South-West Asia
• FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Western Region
• FAO Desert Locust Control Committee
• FAO Desert Locust Information Service
• FAO Emergency Centre for Transboundary Plant Pests
• FAO Emergency Operations and Rehabilitation Division
• FAO Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases
• FAO Food Chain Crisis Management Framework
• FAO Locust Watch Locusts in Caucasus and Central Asia
• FAO Locusts and Transboundary Plant Pests and Diseases
• FAO Plant Production and Protection Division
• FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
• FAO Regional Office for the Near East
• FAO Subregional Office for Southern Africa
• FAO Technical Cooperation Programme
• FAO Turkey Partnership Programme
• Near East Plant Protection Organization

A global actor in desert locust control

In the 1950s, the responsibility for desert locust forecasting and control coordination shifted from the UK to the FAO. Today, the FAO is mandated to monitor and effectively manage the most devestating locust pest, the desert locust. Responding to the recommendations of the working party on desert locust control, the FAO established the Desert Locust Control Committee (DLCC) in January 1955. It serves as the primary platform for bringing together countries affected by locust infestations, donors, and other agencies to facilitate discussions and collaboration in desert locust management within the FAO framework.

The DLCC has 64 member states and three working languages, Arabic, English, and French. It functions as a global advisory body responsible for desert locust early warning, control, and emergency response. It provides guidance to the three FAO regional desert locust commissions: the CRC, SWAC, and CLCPRO. These commissions work in tandem with an interstate organization known as the Desert Locust Control Organization for Eastern Africa (DLCO-EA). Together, they collaborate on developing a proactive control strategy by establishing independent national desert locust units and enhancing the surveying, control, reporting, training, research, planning, and safety capabilities of member countries. The DLCC and the regional commissions complement each other, aiming to implement a comprehensive global preventive control strategy that effectively reduces the frequency, duration, and severity of desert locust infestations while safeguarding food production and livelihoods.

Since 1955, from its headquarters in Rome, the FAO has operated a centralized Desert Locust Information Service (DLIS) to provide general locust information to the global community and to give timely warnings to countries in danger of invasion. DLIS integrates the information from the field with remote sensing data of meteorology, soil moisture and vegetation in desert locust habitats. Since 1975, DLIS has issued a monthly bulletin to locust-affected countries, the international donor community, researchers, institutes, and other interested parties that summarizes the current situation and provides a six-week forecast for each affected country. During periods of increased locust activity, DLIS issues warnings to the affected countries and helps to organize emergency control campaigns. These products are the main deliverables of the DLIS early warning system and are part of the global strategy to prevent plagues. Information provided by DLIS to National Locust Centres (NLCs) is used to plan survey and control operations in the field and prepare for swarm invasions by pre-positioning resources and teams.

Three regional commissions

In order to foster a preventive strategy and provide assistance to member nations in combating the desert locust, the FAO has established three regional commissions:

• FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Western Region (CLCPRO, est. 2002) has 10 member countries from West and Northwest Africa: Algeria, Burkina Faso, Chad, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, and Tunisia. View organization page

• FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region (CRC, est. 1967) with 16 member countries: Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, UAE, and Yemen. View organization page.

• FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in South-West Asia (SWAC, est. 1964) with four member countries: Afghanistan, India, Iran, and Pakistan. View organization page.

The commissions have devised a proactive control strategy by establishing independent national desert locust units and enhancing the surveying, control, reporting, training, research, planning, and safety capabilities of member countries. They develop annual work plans and regularly update contingency plans, taking into account the prevailing situation and forecasts. For countries that are not part of the three commissions, such as Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, and Uganda, the FAO collaborates with their respective national authorities through its decentralized offices. This ensures coordinated efforts and support in addressing the desert locust issue within these countries.

DLCC membership includes all countries from the invasion area, and their active participation is expected, with their involvement in DLCC meetings every two years to discuss the locust situation and control mechanisms. The establishment of commissions and field organizations has provided essential logistical support for fieldwork, enabling the identification and mapping of major outbreak areas. Over the years, a comprehensive database has been compiled, documenting the seasonal distribution, population size, and phase status of locust populations, spanning more than a century of field data (FAO, 2022). This database holds significant value, particularly for the desert locust, and has contributed to an improved understanding of population dynamics in their natural environment.

In 1994, the FAO established the Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases (EMPRES) to enhance global food security and combat transboundary pests and diseases. EMPRES includes a dedicated desert locust component that focuses on improving efficacy, developing early warning plans, and providing sustainable emergency funds to the 18 affected countries in Africa, Western Asia, Southeastern Europe, and North Africa. The program also encourages environmentally friendly control technologies and fosters collaboration with national and international research centers and organizations.

Strategy at FAO headquarters to deal with desert locust emergencies

During recessions, localized outbreaks, or when desert locust populations are low, control operations are carried out by National Locust Centers (NLCs). However, during widespread and high population periods, regional organizations supported by the FAO with international assistance and donor funding, join NLC treatments. In emergency situations where preventive strategies are insufficient, the FAO establishes the Emergency Centre for Transboundary Plant Pests (ECTTP) to manage the response. The ECTTP integrates technical and operational capacities under the Plant Production and Protection Division (AGP) and the Food Chain Crisis–Emergency Management Unit (FCC-EMU) of the Emergency and Resilience Division (PSE), coordinating activities, including resource mobilization, monitoring, and communication. They oversee the response, employing the FAO Thematic Scale-Up L3 protocols tailored for desert locusts based on factors such as scale, complexity, urgency, response capabilities, and reputational risk. The ECTTP assumes responsibility for monitoring the desert locust, including procurement, human resources, resource mobilization, and communications/outreach. Regular meetings are conducted twice a week, and weekly media talking points are issued, providing a comprehensive overview of all aspects related to the emergency. In line with the needs identified, the ECTTP launches resource mobilization initiatives and engages in negotiations with donors.

Mechanism of funding for desert locust control

During the locust upsurge in the Western Region from 2003 to 2005, extensive measures were taken across more than 20 countries. This involved treating 13 million hectares with 13 million liters of pesticides, and the overall cost of the campaign, including food aid, exceeded USD 500 million. This event revealed deficiencies in the international pest prevention system and raised questions about the involvement of international assistance. Donor country representatives acknowledged their delayed intervention but also held FAO and national experts accountable for the delayed engagement of donor organizations. FAO's coordination capabilities were also scrutinized during that period.

Figure 3 from LAUNCH PAPER FAO Thematic Scale-Up L3 protocols tailored for desert locust based on factors such as scale, complexity, urgency, response capabilities, and reputational risk.

In response, FAO developed a new financial governance system for locust control, which was subsequently approved by all three desert locust commissions. Each commission implemented this system with some adaptations for the locust-affected countries in their respective regions. The funding system adopted in the Central Region consists of seven tools aligned with the four stages of locust infestation (recession, outbreak, upsurge, and plague), including a regional emergency fund. The key aspect of this system is the presence of complementary and ongoing funding sources at national, regional, and international levels for control operations. Depending on the scale and severity of the desert locust infestation, funding for control efforts is sourced from various channels.

A similar scheme was implemented during the desert locust emergency in East Africa from 2019 to 2020.

Resources

Technical reports FAO desert locust outbreak reports

Resource title	URL	Category	Descriptive keyword	Author	Language	Species purview	Geographic purview	Resource description
10th EMPRES liaison officers meeting	View URL	Technical report	Environmental assessment • Social science • Locusts • International development • Early warning • Forecasting	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 10th EMPRES liaison officers meeting held in Saudi Arabia.
11th EMPRES liaison officers meeting	View URL	Technical report	Sustainability science • Locusts • Database	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 11th EMPRES liaison officers meeting held in Djibouti.
14th EMPRES liaison officers meeting	View URL	Technical report	Locust outbreaks • Management • Survey	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Full report on the 14th EMPRES/CR liaison Officers meeting held in Muscat, Oman.
2008 FAO High-level conference on world food security	View URL	Technical report	Food security	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			The High-Level Conference on World Food Security organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2008 addressed the issues of rising food prices, food insecurity, and hunger in developing countries. The conference focused on the need for immediate and long-term actions to ensure food security and proposed a comprehensive plan of action to address the underlying causes of food insecurity.
2014 evaluation of field trials data on the efficacy and selectivity of insecticides on locusts and grasshoppers	View URL	Information hub	Pesticides • Management • Pesticide management • Chemical control	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) • Italian locust (Calliptamus italicus) • Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) • Red locust (Nomadacris septemfasciata) • Senegalese grasshopper (Oedaleus senegalensis)		This resource by the Pesticides Referee Group describes the impacts of insecticides on locusts and grasshoppers, with a focus on Desert Locusts. Additionally, this resource provides recommendations for insecticide use to the FAO.
2020 Appeal to the international community	View URL	Technical report	Appeal • Aid • Emergency response	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • Ministry of Agriculture; Water; Fishery; Livestock and Marine Resources	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		2020 Appeal to the international community to raise funds to control the desert locust invasion in the Republic of Djibouti.
2021 evaluation of field trials data on the efficacy and selectivity of insecticides on locusts and grasshoppers	View URL	Technical report	Report • Pesticides • Pesticide management • Management • Monitoring • Public health	Locust Pesticide Referee Group • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) • Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) • Brown locust (Locustana pardalina)		Report of the eleventh meeting of the Locust Pesticide Referee Group, which took place virtually in November 2021. The report includes a comprehensive list of studies on insecticide selection, efficacy, and concerns for management and public health, recommendations made, and some additional information and specifications.
2nd regional workshop on the implementation of environmental & health standards in desert locust control operations in the central region (EHS‐CR)	View URL	Technical report	Workshop • Early warning • Environmental assessment	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the second workshop held in Egypt with the objectives of updating on the recommendations from the first workshop, and training and implementing environmental health standard (EHS) requirements.
3rd meeting of EMPRES liaison officers	View URL	Technical report	Remote sensing • Economics • Spraying • Survey • Rainfall • Management • Monitoring	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 3rd meeting of EMPRES liaison officers, detailing progress made with early warning activities, early reaction activities, desert locust research, and more.
4th meeting of EMPRES liaison officers	View URL	Technical report	Survey • Remote sensing • Map • Aerial control operations	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 4th meeting of EMPRES liaison officers. the meeting was hosted by the government of Eritrea to discuss progress with early warning activities, early reaction activities, research and more.
7th EMPRES liaison officers meeting	View URL	Technical report	Survey • Locust outbreaks • Ecology • Early warning • Management	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 7th EMPRES liaison officers meeting, with reports from member countries.
8th EMPRES liaison officers meeting	View URL	Technical report	Survey • Workshop	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 8th EMPRES liaison officers meeting.
9th EMPRES liaison officers meeting	View URL	Technical report	Distribution • Survey • Spraying • Monitoring • Environmental assessment	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 9th EMPRES liaison officers meeting.
A celebration of 50 years of service	View URL	Technical report	Management • Archive • Decision making • Education	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource outlines 50 years of work done by the CRC.
A field guide to vegetation in desert locust breeding areas	View URL	Guide	Plant biology • Nutrition • Ecology • Locusts	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			This field guide overviews various plants used by the desert locust, with general information and photos.
A locust officer's field guide	View URL	Guide	Behavior • Species identification • Outbreaks	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) • Sudan plague locust (Aiolopus simulatrix) • Sahelian tree locust (Anacridium melanorhodon) • Red locust (Nomadacris septemfasciata) • Senegalese grasshopper (Oedaleus senegalensis) • Variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus)		This resource compiles field guide cards to use by field guide officers to aid with grasshopper identification.
A method for detection of desert locust, schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) and estimation of infested areas	View URL	Technical report	Survey • Locusts • Management • Infestations • Remote sensing • Geographic Information System (GIS) • Aerial control operations	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This is a study on techniques to improve ground survey operations and management capacity for the desert locust.
A preliminary plan of joint Desert Locust surveys along common borders in the Central Region	View URL	Technical report	International development • Early warning • Survey	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			This report details a plan for reoccurring joint survey operations for desert locust control and assessment in areas that are strategically important or inaccessible.
A report on the joint survey work on the Sudanese-Egyptian border for the winter season	View URL	Technical report	Early warning	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	Arabic	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on a survey operation held on the Sudanese-Egyptian border with data tables and satellite images.
Ad hoc meeting	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • Map • Management • Collective movement	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This is the first ad hoc meeting regarding desert locust control in Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen, and Eritrea. This resource also includes a timeline of possible developments in desert locust outbreaks and map of likely desert locust movements across various countries over previously outlined months.
Ad hoc meeting of experts from CLCPRO member countries to assess the locust situation in Mauritania	View URL	Technical report	Meeting	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Western Region	French	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)
Afghanistan locust outbreak	View URL	Media	Emergency response • Locust outbreaks • Video • Media article	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	Arabic • English	Moroccan locust (Dociostaurus maroccanus)		A large-scale locusts outbreak across eight provinces in North and Northeast Afghanistan poses enormous threat to the country’s food security, warns the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO
Agreement for the establishment of a commission for controlling the desert locust in the central region	View URL	Technical report	Collective movement • Decision making • Emergency response	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report detailing members, agreements and rules for the establishment of a Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region to mitigate damage caused by the desert locust.
Annual report 1997	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • Survey • GPS • Locusts • RAMSES • Management	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This is a report on the first Annual Report of the EMPRES (desert locust) Central Region Programme for the year 1997, detailing progress made regarding risk management of desert locust plagues.
Annual report 1998	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • Survey • Database • Locust outbreaks • Biological control	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This is a report on the second Annual Report of the EMPRES (desert locust) Central Region Programme for the year 1998, detailing progress made regarding risk management of desert locust plagues.
Application of Geographical Information Systems and remote sensing in estimating the likely breeding and infested areas of the desert locust	View URL		Infestations • Geographic Information System (GIS)	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Research on two methods to identify areas infested with or are breeding grounds for desert locusts.
Assessment of desert locust outbreaks in Sudan using GIS and remote sensing technologies	View URL		Locust outbreaks • Geographic Information System (GIS) • Remote sensing	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Research studying the desert locust plauge that occured in Sudan from 2003 to 2004.
Assessment of the socio-economic impact of desert locusts and their control	View URL	Technical report	Management • Economics • Social science	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		A study on the impacts of desert locust on marginalized farmers living in poverty, with case studies.
Assessment/search results	View URL	Guide	Grasshoppers • Database	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			This resource is a table template to record hopper groups and their size in kilometers, bands, and total percentage.
Atlas of desert locust breeding habitats	View URL	Guide	Breeding zones • Habitat • Map • Distribution • Biology • Ecology • Behavior • Phase polyphenism	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • George Basil Popov • G.B. Popov	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)
Barrier treatment as a means of controlling migratory locusts	View URL	Information hub	Chemical control • Application • Ecology • Nutrition	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Literature review of barrier treatments, including information on history, development, and evaluation of these treatments.
Biopesticides: operational use against locusts	[ View URL]	Guide	Video • Tutorial • Biological control • Biopesticide	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	Arabic • English • French • Russian			A 10-minute instructional video created for experts in locust control and other professionals involved in the storage, transport, preparation, and use of bio-pesticides. The video provides step-by-step guidance on best practices for these activities.
Building national capacity	View URL	Guide	Education • Management • International development • Collective movement • Overview	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Brief overview of training programs being utilized to build national capacity.
Calendars 2023 on locust control safety measures	[ View URL]	Guide	Calendar • Management	FAO Locust Watch Locusts in Caucasus and Central Asia • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	Azerbaijani • Armenian • Georgian	Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) • Moroccan locust (Dociostaurus maroccanus)		A calendar with locust management information for residents, farmers, shepherds, beekeepers, and municipalities involved in combating locusts.
CCA locust bulletins	[ View URL]	Situation bulletin	Forecasting • Report • Locusts • Locust outbreaks	FAO Locust Watch Locusts in Caucasus and Central Asia • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) • Italian locust (Calliptamus italicus) • Moroccan locust (Dociostaurus maroccanus)		A number of bulletins which report on the situation and forecasting of Moroccan Locust, Italian Locust, and Migratory Locust in the Caucasus and Central Asia regions. In each bulletin, situations are classified as dangerous, requiring caution, or calm.
Chemical ecology of locusts and related acridids	View URL	Technical report	Biology • Locusts • Behavior • Mating behavior • Insect behavior • Morphology • Grasshoppers	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Study on gregarious phase and other locust processes of the desert locust.
CLCPRO Executive Committee Meeting Report Apr 1992	View URL	Technical report	Meeting	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Western Region	French	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)
CLCPRO Executive Committee Meeting Report Feb 1991	View URL	Technical report	Meeting	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • FAO Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Western Region	French	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)
Climate Change and Desert Locust	View URL	Technical report	Climate change • eLocust • RAMSES • SWARMS • DeLCoPA	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		An overview of the analytical tools used to investigate the potential impact of climate change on the desert locust, including modeling and remote sensing techniques. It also discusses the potential implications of climate change for desert locust outbreaks and management strategies.
Climate change and food security in West Africa and North Africa	View URL	Technical report	Climate change • Chapter excerpt	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Discusses the potential impact of climate change on food security in West and North Africa.
Comparative study on the efficiency of available survey methods of adult and hopper populations of desert locust	View URL	Technical report	Survey • Locusts	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource is an abstract from a study on the efficiency of available survey procedures for desert locust control.
Contingency planning seminar	View URL	Guide	Workshop • Chemical control • Emergency response • Early warning	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource provides information of workshops and principles of campaign planning and workshops about locust control, and registration form templates.
Control of the locust plague in Madagascar 2014	View URL	Guide	Video • Management	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	French	Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria)		Locust swarms in Madagascar are posing a threat to the food security and livelihoods of 13 million people, which accounts for approximately 60% of the island's population. An analysis of the root causes and necessary actions to address the issue is presented in the report.
Country contingency plans for desert locust plague control campaigns	View URL	Technical report	Aerial control operations • Spraying • Chemical control • Behavior • Pesticides • Early warning • Management	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource is a guide on conducting desert locust control operations, overviewing information about control systems, constructing contingency plans and control campaigns, and outbreak and upsurge campaigns.
CRC Progress report on research projects	View URL	Form	Worksheet	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			Template for planning research projects to keep track of progress and finances.
CRC regional workshop on environmental & health standards (EHS)	View URL	Technical report	Workshop • Environmental assessment • Environmental science • Biology	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on a workshop held focusing on minimizing environmental impact by insecticides on desert locust control missions.
Crop prospects and food situation	View URL	Technical report	Outbreaks • Food security	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report of global cereal supply, low-income food-deficit countries' food situation overview, and a special feature on the desert locust outbreak impact.
Data transmission using Codan HF radios	View URL	Guide	Technology • eLocust	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			This resource is a guide on setting up and running Codan radios and Psion hand held computers. These devices are used for electronic data transmission from the field site to the base.
Decisions and risks	View URL	Guide	Decision making • Survey • Locusts	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Guide on various survey types and methods, and graphics to aid in decision making and risks associated with those decisions. This guide also included general information on desert locusts.
Desert locust and remote sensing manual to visualize and analyze SPOT4-VEGETATION images	View URL	Guide	Database • Early warning	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This is a guide helps users navigate using WinDisp (version 4.0) to analyze and visualize images.
Desert locust booklet	[ View URL]	Media	Advice • Locust outbreaks • Agriculture • Public health	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report of 12-page booklet entitled Hunger in their wake: Inside the battle against the Desert Locust for the general public and donor community produced by FAO Information Division
Desert locust brochures	[ View URL]	Media	Brochure	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Variety of brochures and information sheets on FAO Desert Locust governance and related issues
Desert locust component	View URL	Technical report	Management • Biological control • Pesticides	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Progress report of the EMPRES (Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases) Central Region Programme.
Desert locust early warning system infographic	View URL	Guide	Early warning • Infographic	FAO Desert Locust Information Service • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Explains the Desert Locust Early Warning System, which monitors and forecasts desert locust outbreaks. It describes the four stages of locust development and the different components of the early warning system.
Desert Locust Forecasting: Art or Science?	View URL	Guide	Video • Presentation • Early warning	FAO Desert Locust Information Service • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		FAO's Senior Locust Forecasting Officer, Keith Cressman, with over 30 years of experience in Desert Locust forecasting and providing early warning to countries, presents a video explaining that Desert Locust forecasting is both a science and an art that relies on intuition, feelings, and experience. The presentation was originally given at the 13th International Congress of Orthopterology in Agadir, Morocco on March 26, 2019.
Desert locust information	View URL	Guide	Locusts • Data analysis • Management • Forecasting	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		A guide of desert locust reporting, assessment, and forecasting, with diagrams.
Desert Locust Master Trainer Manual	View URL	Guide	Locusts • Management • Training manual	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource is an informative guide for Master Trainers in desert locust-affected countries, to improving their technical knowledge and training abilities. Newly trained Master Trainers can look to this guide for general information, guidance, and graphic aids.
Desert locust preventive control strategy in the Near East and Horn of Africa	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • Emergency response • Management • Infestations	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource is a brief overview of the mitigation strategies and early warning systems in place for Desert Locust outbreaks.
Desert locust standard survey/control form	View URL	Form	Outbreaks • Survey	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Template form for desert locust control operations
Desert locust technical series	[ View URL]	Technical report	History • Management	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		A series of technical reports, important research, and relevant resources curated by the FAO Desert Locust Watch.
Desert locust upsurge progress report on the response in the Greater Horn of Africa and Yemen	View URL	Technical report	Locust outbreaks • Management • Report	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This source is the first quarterly report overviewing progress regarding desert locust upsurge in the Greater Horn of Africa and Yemen.
Distribution of the desert locust in relation to herbage quality in the Red Sea coast of Sudan	View URL	Technical report	Plant biology • Locusts • Behavior • Biology	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This research aims to study the nitrogen content in desert locust food sources and identify preferred sources for food.
DMA Monograph	View URL	Guide	Morphology • Distribution • Ecology • Population dynamics • Management	FAO Locust Watch Locusts in Caucasus and Central Asia • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	Russian	Moroccan locust (Dociostaurus maroccanus)		The document summarizes over a century of research on the Moroccan locust in its eastern range, covering its characteristics, phase variations, habitats, natural enemies, population monitoring, forecasting, and management approaches, including historical insights and biographies of specialists.
Ecological field studies on the population dynamics of the solitary desert locust	View URL	Technical report	Locusts • Life cycle • Population dynamics • Nymphs • Nutrition • Monitoring • Growth	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations • Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This study examines desert locust population densities and life cycle, dietary and other differences between natural and laboratory reared desert locust populations.
Economic and policy issues in desert locust management	View URL	Technical report	Locusts • International development • Early warning • Agriculture	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report evaluating management and economic impacts of the desert locust in various countries.
Edible insects	View URL	Technical report	Edible insects	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			Examines the potential of insects as food and feed, considering their ecological services and nutritional value. It emphasizes the need for addressing challenges and establishing supportive legislation to fully harness the benefits of insects for food security.
Eighteenth session	View URL	Technical report	Forecasting • Early warning • Monitoring • Survey	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the eighteenth session of the Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Near East, with recommendation, updates and more on the desert locust situation.
ELocust3 digital tools	View URL	Information hub	App	FAO Desert Locust Information Service • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		FAO apps used to collect basic data required for locust control operations and forecasting.
EMPRES CR progress report year 2000	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • Monitoring • Survey • GPS • Forecasting	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on EMPRES (Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases) progress regrading the desert locust from December 1999 to December 2000.
EMPRES CR progress report year 2001	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • Survey • Management	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on EMPRES (Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases) progress regrading the desert locust from December 2000 to December 2001.
EMPRES CR Progress Report year 2003	View URL	Technical report	Survey • Locust outbreaks	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		EMPRES CR Progress report for the year 2003 detailing various planned activities.
EMPRES CR Progress Report year 2004	View URL	Technical report	Locust outbreaks • Early warning	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		EMPRES/CR progress report detailing achievements and outputs, staff information, training activities and more.
EMPRES CR Progress Report year 2005	View URL	Technical report	Report	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		EMPRES/CR progress report detailing achievements and outputs, staff information, training activities and more.
EMPRES strengthening desert locust management	View URL	Guide	Infographic • Education • Distribution • Biology • Ecology • Rainfall • Locusts • Infestations • Migration • Outbreaks • Locust outbreaks • Monitoring • Emergency response • Early warning • Chemical control • Biological control • Mechanical control • Mating behavior • Behavior • Insect behavior • Overview • Communication resource	FAO Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English
EMPRES-CR progress report 1999	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • RAMSES • Monitoring • Pesticides • Biological control	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on EMPRES (Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases) progress regrading the desert locust for the year 1999.
EMPRES/CR progress report year 2002	View URL	Technical report	Campaign organization • Early warning • Monitoring	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on EMPRES (Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases) progress regrading the desert locust from December 2001 to December 2002.
Estimate the potential impact of DL resources (1) control an outbreak campaign	View URL	Technical report	Chemical control • Report	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Excel data tables with information regarding hopper patches, impact of control operations, and barrier treatment.
Estimate the potential impact of DL resources (2) control an upsurge Campaign	View URL	Technical report	Chemical control • Spraying • Aerial control operations	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Excel sheet with information regarding foot, vehicle, and aircraft control systems.
Estimate the potential impact of DL resources (3) control a plague Campaign	View URL	Technical report	Early warning • Worksheet	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English			Excel sheet with data on various spraying methods, showing inputs and outputs
Estimate the potential impact of DL resources control a plague campaign spreadsheet	View URL	Digital tool	Worksheet • Early warning	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Worksheet for calculating the potential impact of DL resources control a plague campaign spreadsheet. Email HopperWiki admin for excel files if unavailable on the original website.
Evaluation of efficacy of neem and sadom apple products in the control if desert locust under laboratory conditions	View URL	Technical report	Biological control • Infestations	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		An abstract from a research paper aiming to study the potential usage of neem and sadom apple for desert locust pest control under laboratory conditions
Evaluation of four methods for monitoring the population of desert Locust	View URL	Technical report	Survey • General locust education	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • Arabic	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Research paper on developing improved desert locust field survey techniques, with overview on desert locust life cycle and biology.
Expert consultation and risk assessment on the importation and large-scale use of mycopesticides against locusts	View URL	Technical report	Biopesticide • Biological control • Ecology • Infestations • Metarhizium acridum	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource is a report on a jointly organized meeting by Locust and Other Migratory Pest Group and Pesticides Management Group of the FAO Plant Protection Service regarding guidelines for mycopesticide importation, registration, and use.
FAO check list for general monitoring of desert locust control operations	View URL	Form	Monitoring • Early warning	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Template check list to use for desert locust control operations
FAO commission for controlling the desert locust in the central region fifty years fighting desert locust	View URL	Technical report	International development • Community development • Environmental assessment • Decision making	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		This resource is an information sheet about successful programs and initiatives showing the FAO’s role in supporting member countries to prevent, prepare and respond to threats.
FAO desert locust biology and behaviour guidelines	[ View URL]	Guide	Behavior • Biology • Training manual • Species identification	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic • Somali	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Guidelines on desert locust biology and behavior primarily for use by national and international organizations and institutions involved in Desert Locust survey and control.
FAO desert locust campaign organization and execution guidelines	[ View URL]	Guide	Campaign organization • Training manual	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Guidelines on desert locust campaign organization & execution primarily for use by national and international organizations and institutions involved in Desert Locust survey and control.
FAO desert locust control committee forty-second session	View URL	Technical report	Biopesticide • Emergency response • Management	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Report on the 42nd session of the Desert Locust Control Committee.
FAO desert locust guidelines appendixes	[ View URL]	Guide	Management • Training manual	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Specific information on techniques and equipment for managing the desert locust control primarily for use by national and international organizations and institutions involved in Desert Locust survey and control.
FAO desert locust guidelines control	[ View URL]	Guide	Training manual • Environmental assessment • Chemical control	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic • Somali • Spanish	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Guidelines on desert locust control methods primarily for use by national and international organizations and institutions involved in Desert Locust survey and control.
FAO desert locust guidelines safety and environmental precautions	[ View URL]	Guide	Training manual • Environmental assessment • Safety guidelines	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Guidelines on desert locust control safety and environmental precautions primarily for use by national and international organizations and institutions involved in Desert Locust survey and control.
FAO desert locust information and forecasting guidelines	[ View URL]	Guide	Forecasting • Training manual	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Guidelines on desert locust information and forecasting primarily for use by national and international organizations and institutions involved in Desert Locust survey and control.
FAO desert locust survey and control form	View URL	Form	Survey	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Template form to use in desert locust survey.
FAO desert locust survey and control form instructions	View URL	Form	Survey	Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Central Region • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Template desert locust survey and control form to take in the field during survey.
FAO desert locust survey guidelines	[ View URL]	Guide	Survey • Training manual	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English • French • Arabic • Somali • Spanish	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Guidelines on desert locust survey methods primarily for use by national and international organizations and institutions involved in Desert Locust survey and control.
FAO dlocust resources	View URL	Information hub	Robotics • Drones • Technology	FAO Desert Locust Information Service • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Information, video, user manuals about the dlocust drone.
FAO eLocust3m information videos	View URL	Guide	App • Video	FAO Desert Locust Information Service • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		"The eLocust3m smartphone app is used by national locust officers during survey and control operations in countries affected by Desert Locust to enter all observations made in the field on ecology, locusts, control, and safety (PRO module). It is also used by other persons during locust emergencies such as additional field teams, farmers, communities, NGOs, and other crowdsourced to report locust sightings (BASIC module). This video shows how to register as an eLocust3m user. The near-real-time data are integrated into the national and global Desert Locust early warning systems and are the foundation of the preventive control strategy to manage Desert Locust. Data can also be downloaded from PlantVillage as a CSV file for import into the custom RAMSES GIS used by affected countries for data management and analysis. Only registered eLocust3m users can access PlantVillage (https://plantvillage.psu.edu). Download eLocust3m from Google Play Store: https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... More info: [email protected]"
FAO emergencies and resilience	View URL	Information hub	Emergency response	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Dedicated to providing information and resources related to ongoing crises and emergencies around the world. It covers a wide range of topics, including natural disasters, conflicts, and other humanitarian crises that affect agriculture, food security, and livelihoods.
FAO Emergency Centre for Locust Operations After Action Review 2005	View URL	Technical report	After action review • Management	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Brief summary: "The After Action Review addressed all the main aspects of Desert Locust control ranging from fund-raising to project implementation, impact assessment and visibility. It included a review of the following topics: Locust forecasts and the alerts/warnings given; action plans and contingency planning; project implementation; funding; donors’ role; Field Program Management Information System (FPMIS); ECLO structure and functioning; coordination at the international, regional, and national levels, including the role of the FAO Representatives (FAORs); procurement and contractual services; training; public relations and communications; and, health, environment and pesticide management."
FAO Infographic the 2020–2021 desert locust upsurge	View URL	Technical report	Management	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations	English	Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria)		Statistics and figures of the desert locust outbreak 2020-2021.

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